Guide to Choosing and Implementing PV Disconnect Switches in 2023

PV disconnect switches provide critical electrical disconnection and rapid shutdown capabilities in solar installations. This guide covers proper PV disconnect sizing, selection, installation, and maintenance.

GRL manufactures UL-listed PV disconnect switches up to 1500VDC and 630A. We provide:

  • Application engineering assistance
  • DC rated switches meeting NEC 690
  • Global sales and support across solar projects
  • Custom disconnect solutions

Contact us today to discuss your next solar disconnection project.

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Introduction to PV Disconnect Switches

In solar arrays, PV disconnect switches:

  • Isolate parts of the PV system for maintenance
  • Provide a visible disconnect point for safety
  • Enable rapid shutdown to mitigate fire risks
  • Allow safe solar equipment replacements
  • Meet NEC 690.13 – 690.18 disconnect requirements

Choosing the right PV disconnect switch is essential for code-compliant solar projects.

Why PV Disconnect Switches Are Needed

PV disconnect switches serve important functions:

  • Isolate solar sub-arrays for maintenance and repairs
  • Visibly disconnect DC power for worker safety
  • Meet NEC 690.12 rapid shutdown requirements
  • Provide a lockable disconnect point
  • Facilitate replacement of damaged PV components

PV disconnects improve safety and support proper system operation.

Types of PV Disconnect Switches

Common PV disconnect designs include:

  • Fusible – Disconnect with integrated DC-rated fuses
  • Non-fusible – Disconnect isolation only
  • NEMA 4X enclosures – For outdoor installations
  • Manual operated – Hand switches
  • Remote operated – Motor driven disconnects

Various options suit different solar applications and budgets.

Selecting the Right PV Disconnect Switch

Key factors when selecting a PV disconnect:

  • DC voltage rating matching the array
  • Current rating based on PV wire sizing
  • Number of poles required
  • Desired safety features and certifications
  • Type of enclosure needed

Larger PV disconnects cost more but support bigger solar systems.

PV Disconnect Switch Installation

Proper PV disconnect installation:

  • Mounts securely according to manufacturer guidelines
  • Provides required spacing from other equipment
  • Uses properly rated conductors and terminations
  • Follows all local electrical code requirements
  • Verifies switch operation for isolation

Correct installation ensures safety and intended operation.

PV Disconnect Switch Maintenance

Recommended maintenance activities:

  • Annual inspections checking condition
  • Replacing worn or damaged components
  • Lubricating moving current-carrying parts
  • Exercising switches regularly to prevent sticking
  • Verifying labels and markings are still intact
  • Documentation of maintenance work performed

Proactive maintenance maximizes disconnect lifespan.

Isolating Faults with PV Disconnects

If disconnecting due to solar faults:

  • Check monitoring system data to identify issue
  • Open disconnect switch to isolate affected section
  • Inspect wiring, connectors, fuses, and equipment
  • Repair or replace components as needed
  • Carefully reconnect and retest operation

Prompt isolation facilitates troubleshooting and protects unaffected PV circuits.

Disconnect Safety Features

Look for key disconnect switch safety elements:

  • Enclosure preventing live part access
  • Proper interrupt ratings to break loads
  • Integrated arc flash reduction mechanisms
  • Options like door interlocks or remote operation
  • UL rating ensuring safety and quality

Safety-focused design protects personnel and equipment.

Sourcing Quality PV Disconnects

When buying PV disconnect switches:

  • Select reputable, established manufacturers
  • Verify UL-listing to latest NEC 690 standards
  • Compare warranty coverage

Trusted brands like GRL provide compliant, high quality PV disconnects.

GRL-PV Disconnect Switches Price

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is a PV disconnect switch used for?

A: Providing isolation capability and rapid shutdown functions in solar installations.

Q: Why are disconnect switches required in solar installations?

A: For isolation, maintenance, rapid shutdown for fire safety, and visible disconnect.

Q: What electrical ratings do I need for a PV disconnect switch?

A: DC voltage rating matching the PV system. Current rating based on conductors.

Q: How do I choose the right size PV disconnect switch?

A: Size based on PV system voltage, output, and wire sizes used. Allow margin.

Q: What types of PV disconnect switches are available?

A: Fusible, non-fusible, manual, remote operated, and various enclosures.

Q: Where is the best placement for PV disconnect switches?

A: Near the array for maintenance access but close enough to inverters for rapid shutdown.

Q: How much do PV disconnect switches cost?

A: $100 – $1000 typically based on ratings, features, and quantity ordered.

Q: What standards apply to PV disconnect switches?

A: NEC 690, UL 1741. They must be DC rated and finger-safe.

Q: How do I wire and install a PV disconnect switch?

A: Follow manufacturer guidelines for clearances, torque values, wire sizing, etc.

Q: Can you put multiple PV circuits through one disconnect?

A: Yes, sized appropriately a disconnect can isolate multiple combined strings.

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