Busbar System Grounding: Complete Guide for Safe Electrical Distribution

Protect your busbar system and ensure personnel safety with proper grounding techniques. This comprehensive guide from GRL covers busbar grounding methods, standards and best practices.

Contact GRL today for expert help on busbar system grounding for your specific application. Take advantage of our decades of experience in electrical safety and switchgear reliability.

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Key Factors for Busbar System Grounding

  • Use copper or aluminum ground bars in the busbar enclosure.
  • Select adequate conductor size based on maximum ground fault current.
  • Connect all metallic busbar components to the ground bar.
  • Bond the ground bar to the main facility ground.
  • Follow safety standards like IEC 61439 and UL 857.

8 Critical Busbar Grounding Methods

  1. Dedicated ground bar – Mount a copper or aluminum ground bar inside the busbar enclosure.
  2. External ground bus – Use a ground bus external to the busbar for easier access.
  3. Direct component grounding – Connect busbar housing and supports directly to facility ground.
  4. Cable and conduit grounding – Ground all cables, conduits and wireways entering the busbar.
  5. Flexible braided connections – Use braided conductors for flexible ground connections.
  6. Compression lugs – Attach ground wires to busbar enclosure using mechanical lugs.
  7. Exothermically welded connections – Make inaccessible ground connections using exothermic welding.
  8. Safety ground kit – Use our pre-engineered grounding kit for fast installation.

International Standards for Busbar Grounding

Proper grounding of busbar systems is critical for safety. Key standards include:

IEC 61439 – Low voltage switchgear standard covers grounding requirements.

IEEE 142 – Recommended practice for grounding in industrial and commercial facilities.

UL 857 – Safety standard for busways rated 600V and below.

CSA C22.2 No. 27 – Canadian safety standard for busbar enclosures.

BS EN 60439-1 – British standard for low voltage switchgear assemblies.

AS/NZS 3439 – Australian/New Zealand standard for low voltage switchboards.

Busbar Grounding Design Considerations

Follow these best practices when grounding your busbar system:

  • Use properly sized grounding conductor for available fault current.
  • Ensure low ground impedance – less than 1 Ohm ideal.
  • Connect ground bar to facility ground grid using two cables for redundancy.
  • Use compression lugs or exothermic welding for permanent ground joints.
  • Keep ground leads short, straight and avoid sharp bends.
  • Use copper or tin-plated copper for corrosion resistance and conductivity.
  • Inspect ground connections periodically for corrosion and re-torque.

GRL Busbar Grounding Products

GRL provides a range of products to facilitate proper and safe busbar system grounding:

  • Pre-drilled grounding plates with mounting hardware
  • High conductivity copper ground bars
  • Mechanical and exothermic grounding lugs
  • Flexible braided ground straps
  • Torque wrenches for lug connections
  • Full grounding kits for plug-and-play installation
GRL-busbar system

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: Where should the ground bar be located in a busbar system?

A: Mount the ground bar inside the busbar enclosure for protection. Place it in an accessible location for ease of inspection and maintenance.

Q: How do I determine the right ground wire size?

A: Size it to safely carry the maximum ground fault current based on the overcurrent protection rating. Refer to codes like IEEE 142 for sizing details.

Q: Can I use the equipment ground conductor as the ground bar connection?

A: No, use a dedicated grounding conductor from the ground bar to the main facility ground. Do not combine with equipment ground.

Q: What is the ideal resistance for busbar grounding?

A:Aim for a ground resistance below 1 Ohm. The lower the better, with under 0.5 Ohms being optimal.

Q: Should I use copper or aluminum for the ground bar?

A: Copper is better for corrosion resistance and conductivity. Use tin-plated copper for very humid environments. Aluminum is acceptable if sized properly.

Q: Can I bolt busbar supports directly to the enclosure for grounding?

A: Yes, securely bolting components to a grounded enclosure qualifies as an effective grounding method.

Q: Do I need redundant ground connections?

A: It is recommended to have two ground cables between the busbar and facility ground grid for redundancy.

Q: How often should I check busbar ground connections?

A: Annually at minimum, inspect connections for oxidization and retighten. Check more frequently if vibration is present.

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